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  <h1 class="h">第一单元</h1>
  <dl>
    <dt>一、课文梳理</dt>
    <dd>
      <dl>
        <dt>1. 春</dt>
        <dd>
          <ul class="main-tree">
            <li class="tree-node-container">
              <div class="node">春</div>
              <ul class="tree">
                <li class="tree-node-container">
                  <div class="node"><span class="red">盼春（1 ~ 2）</span>：表达作者<u class="red">对春天的盼望</u>。</div>
                </li>
                <li class="tree-node-container">
                  <div class="node"><span class="red">描春（2 ~ 7）</span>：<u class="red">景物和感受</u></div>
                  <ul class="tree">
                    <li class="tree-node-container">
                      <div class="node"><span class="red">春草</span>：<u class="red">嫩、绿、满、软</u></div>
                    </li>
                    <li class="tree-node-container">
                      <div class="node"><span class="red">春花</span>：<u class="red">色彩鲜艳、花香四溢、种类繁多、数量繁多</u></div>
                    </li>
                    <li class="tree-node-container">
                      <div class="node"><span class="red">春风</span>：<u class="red">温暖、柔和</u></div>
                    </li>
                    <li class="tree-node-container">
                      <div class="node"><span class="red">春雨</span>：<u class="red">细、密、亮、绵长</u></div>
                    </li>
                    <li class="tree-node-container">
                      <div class="node"><span class="red">人</span>：<u class="red">有活力、有朝气</u></div>
                    </li>
                  </ul>
                </li>
                <li class="tree-node-container">
                  <div class="node"><span class="red">赞春（8 ~ 10）</span>：赞颂春天的<u class="red">新、美、力</u>。</div>
                </li>
              </ul>
            </li>
          </ul>
        </dd>
        <dt>2. 济南的冬天</dt>
        <dd>
          <ul class="main-tree">
            <li class="tree-node-container">
              <div class="node">济南的冬天</div>
              <ul class="tree">
                <li class="tree-node-container">
                  <div class="node"><span class="red">开头</span>：总写济南冬天<u class="red">温情</u>的特点。</div>
                </li>
                <li class="tree-node-container">
                  <div class="node"><span class="red">小山</span></div>
                  <ul class="tree">
                    <li class="tree-node-container">
                      <div class="node"><u class="red">阳光朗照</u>的小山：<u class="red">温暖舒适</u></div>
                    </li>
                    <li class="tree-node-container">
                      <div class="node"><u class="red">覆盖小雪</u>的小山：<u class="red">娇美秀气</u></div>
                    </li>
                    <li class="tree-node-container">
                      <div class="node"><u class="red">老城之外</u>的远山：<u class="red">淡雅朴质</u></div>
                    </li>
                  </ul>
                </li>
                <li class="tree-node-container">
                  <div class="node">
                    <span class="red">水</span>：<u class="red">暖绿清亮</u>
                  </div>
                </li>
                <li class="tree-node-container">
                  <div class="node">
                    <span class="red">结尾</span>：<u class="red">呼应标题</u>，抒发了作者对济南冬天的<u class="red">喜爱与赞美</u>，给人以回味的余地。
                  </div>
                </li>
              </ul>
            </li>
          </ul>
        </dd>
        <dt>3. 雨的四季</dt>
        <dd>
          <ul class="main-tree">
            <li class="tree-node-container">
              <div class="node">雨的四季</div>
              <ul class="tree">
                <li class="tree-node-container">
                  <div class="node">
                    <span class="red">总（1）</span>：总写作者对雨的<u class="red">喜爱</u>。
                  </div>
                </li>
                <li class="tree-node-container">
                  <div class="node">
                    <span class="red">分（2 ~ 5）</span>：具体写四季中雨的<u class="red">不同形象和特点</u>
                  </div>
                  <ul class="tree">
                    <li class="tree-node-container">
                      <div class="node">
                        <span class="red">春雨</span>：<u class="red">娇媚</u>
                      </div>
                    </li>
                    <li class="tree-node-container">
                      <div class="node">
                        <span class="red">夏雨</span>：<u class="red">热烈、粗犷</u>
                      </div>
                    </li>
                    <li class="tree-node-container">
                      <div class="node">
                        <span class="red">秋雨</span>：<u class="red">端庄、沉静</u>
                      </div>
                    </li>
                    <li class="tree-node-container">
                      <div class="node">
                        <span class="red">冬雨</span>：<u class="red">自然、平静</u>
                      </div>
                    </li>
                  </ul>
                </li>
                <li class="tree-node-container">
                  <div class="node">
                    <u class="red">总（7）</u>：抒发“我”对雨的<u class="red">赞美和爱恋</u>之情。
                  </div>
                </li>
              </ul>
            </li>
          </ul>
        </dd>
        <dt>4. 古代诗歌四首</dt>
        <dd>
          <ul class="main-tree">
            <li class="tree-node-container">
              <div class="node">观沧海</div>
              <ul class="tree">
                <li class="tree-node-container">
                  <div class="node">
                    题目：统领全篇，整首诗围绕“观”字展开。
                  </div>
                </li>
                <li class="tree-node-container">
                  <div class="node">
                    1 ~ 2：点名观海地点。
                  </div>
                </li>
                <li class="tree-node-container">
                  <div class="node">
                    3 ~ 8（实写之景）：<u class="red">动静结合</u>，从<u class="red">海水、山岛</u>等大处落笔，从<u
                      class="red">树木、百草、秋风</u>等细处刻画，着力渲染一种<u class="red">壮阔豪迈</u>的气势。
                  </div>
                </li>
                <li class="tree-node-container">
                  <div class="node">
                    9 ~ 12（虚写之景）
                  </div>
                  <ul class="tree">
                    <li class="tree-node-container">
                      <div class="node">
                        描写了一幅沧海<u class="red">吞吐日月、包孕群星</u>的景象。
                      </div>
                    </li>
                    <li class="tree-node-container">
                      <div class="node">
                        抒发了诗人<u class="red">博大的胸怀和远大的政治抱负</u>。
                      </div>
                    </li>
                  </ul>
                </li>
                <li class="tree-node-container">
                  <div class="node">
                    10 ~ 11：附文。
                  </div>
                </li>
              </ul>
            </li>
          </ul>
          <ul class="main-tree">
            <li class="tree-node-container">
              <div class="node">次北固山下</div>
              <ul class="tree">
                <li class="tree-node-container">
                  <div class="node">
                    首联：点题，<u class="red">“客路”</u>、<u class="red">“行舟”</u>两个词暗含<u class="red">旅途的奔波</u>，<u
                      class="red">与尾联相照应</u>。
                  </div>
                </li>
                <li class="tree-node-container">
                  <div class="node">
                    颔联
                  </div>
                  <ul class="tree">
                    <li class="tree-node-container">
                      <div class="node">
                        写船上<u class="red">所见之景</u>，通过<u class="red">潮水上涨、船帆悬挂</u>的小景，展现出<u class="red">江面的开阔</u>，以达到<u
                          class="red">“以小景传大景”</u>的效果。
                      </div>
                    </li>
                    <li class="tree-node-container">
                      <div class="node">
                        <u class="red">“阔”字</u>，描绘<u class="red">春潮上涨、江水与两岸齐平</u>的景象，营造出一种<u class="red">恢弘的境界</u>。
                      </div>
                    </li>
                  </ul>
                </li>
                <li class="tree-node-container">
                  <div class="node">
                    颈联
                  </div>
                  <ul class="tree">
                    <li class="tree-node-container">
                      <div class="node">
                        “生”和“入”将春<u class="red">拟人化</u>，生动地描绘了<u class="red">夜未尽，日已生；旧年未过，江上新春已来</u>的景象。
                      </div>
                    </li>
                    <li class="tree-node-container">
                      <div class="node">
                        哲理：新事物<u class="red">脱胎于旧事物中</u>，新事物<u class="red">终将代替旧事物</u>。给人以<u class="red">乐观、积极向上</u>的力量。
                      </div>
                    </li>
                  </ul>
                </li>
                <li class="tree-node-container">
                  <div class="node">
                    尾联紧承前三联而来，<u class="red">呼应首联</u>，表达了诗人<u class="red">深深地思乡愁绪</u>。
                  </div>
                </li>
              </ul>
            </li>
          </ul>
          <ul class="main-tree">
            <li class="tree-node-container">
              <div class="node">闻王昌龄左迁龙标遥有此寄</div>
              <ul class="tree">
                <li class="tree-node-container">
                  <div class="node">
                    第一句
                  </div>
                  <ul class="tree">
                    <li class="tree-node-container">
                      <div class="node">
                        杨花柳絮在诗歌中象征<u class="red">离散、漂泊</u>，子规啼叫声悲凉，古人作<u class="red">悲情知鸟</u>。
                      </div>
                    </li>
                    <li class="tree-node-container">
                      <div class="node">
                        作用
                      </div>
                      <ul class="tree">
                        <li class="tree-node-container">
                          <div class="node">
                            <span class="red">点明时令</span>：<u class="red">暮春时节</u>。
                          </div>
                        </li>
                        <li class="tree-node-container">
                          <div class="node">
                            <span class="red">渲染气氛</span>：<u class="red">飘零、凄楚</u>的气氛。
                          </div>
                        </li>
                        <li class="tree-node-container">
                          <div class="node">
                            <span class="red">烘托心情</span>：诗人与友人离别后，听闻友人被贬的<u class="red">悲伤、凄凉</u>之感。
                          </div>
                        </li>
                      </ul>
                    </li>
                  </ul>
                </li>
                <li class="tree-node-container">
                  <div class="node">
                    第二句 → “过五溪”
                  </div>
                  <ul class="tree">
                    <li class="tree-node-container">
                      <div class="node">
                        写出了友人被贬之地的荒远。
                      </div>
                    </li>
                    <li class="tree-node-container">
                      <div class="node">
                        写出了友人被贬旅途的艰辛。
                      </div>
                    </li>
                    <li class="tree-node-container">
                      <div class="node">
                        暗含诗人对友人的<u class="red">关心和牵挂</u>。
                      </div>
                    </li>
                  </ul>
                </li>
                <li class="tree-node-container">
                  <div class="node">
                    第三句
                  </div>
                  <ul class="tree">
                    <li class="tree-node-container">
                      <div class="node">
                        <u class="red">“愁心”</u>：对友人的<u class="red">牵挂、同情、关切、担忧</u>等。
                      </div>
                    </li>
                    <li class="tree-node-container">
                      <div class="node">
                        <u class="red">“明月”</u>
                      </div>
                      <ul class="tree">
                        <li class="tree-node-container">
                          <div class="node">
                            运用<u class="red">拟人和想象</u>的手法。
                          </div>
                        </li>
                        <li class="tree-node-container">
                          <div class="node">
                            借明月<u class="red">传递自己的寄托</u>。
                          </div>
                        </li>
                        <li class="tree-node-container">
                          <div class="node">
                            抒发了诗人对友人被贬远方的<u class="red">同情和关切</u>。
                          </div>
                        </li>
                      </ul>
                    </li>
                  </ul>
                </li>
              </ul>
            </li>
          </ul>
          <ul class="main-tree">
            <li class="tree-node-container">
              <div class="node">天净沙·秋思</div>
              <ul class="tree">
                <li class="tree-node-container">
                  <div class="node">
                    第 1 ~ 4 句：<u class="red">对比、反衬</u>（<u class="red">以乐景衬哀情</u>），抒发了游子的<u class="red">漂泊之感和思乡之情</u>。
                  </div>
                </li>
                <li class="tree-node-container">
                  <div class="node">
                    第 5 句 → “断肠”：全诗的诗眼，<u class="red">点明主旨</u>，突出了游子<u class="red">身处凄凉之地</u>的境况，表达了诗人<u
                      class="red">浓浓的思乡之情</u>。
                  </div>
                </li>
              </ul>
            </li>
          </ul>
        </dd>
      </dl>
    </dd>
  </dl>
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